montage (1)
creates a composite image by combining several separate images
SYNOPSIS
montage
[ [ options ...] file ...] output_file
DESCRIPTION
montage creates a composite image by combining several separate images.
The images are tiled on the composite image with the name of the image
optionally appearing just below the individual tile.
The composite image is constructed in the following manner. First,
each image specified on the command line, except for the last, is
scaled to fit the maximum tile size. The maximum tile size by default
is 120x120. It can be modified with the -geometry command line
argument or X resource. See OPTIONS for more information on
command line arguments. See X(1) for more information on X
resources. Note that the maximum tile size need not be a square. To
respect the aspect ratio of each image append ~ to the geometry
specification.
Next the composite image is initialized with the color specified by the
-background command line argument or X resource. The width and
height of the composite image is determined by the title specified,
the maximum tile size, the number of tiles per row, the tile border
width and height, the image border width, and the label height. The
number of tiles per row specifies how many images are to appear in each
row of the composite image. The default is to have 5 tiles in each row
and 4 tiles in each column of the composite. A specific value is
specified with -tile. The tile border width and height,
and the image border width defaults to the value of the X resource
-borderwidth. It can be changed with the -borderwidth or
-geometry command line argument or X resource. The label height
is determined by the font you specify with the -font command line
argument or X resource. If you do not specify a font, a font is
chosen that allows the name of the image to fit the maximum width of a
tiled area. The label colors is determined by the -background
and -foreground command line argument or X resource. Note, that
if the background and foreground colors are the same, labels will not
appear.
Initially, the composite image title is placed at the top if one is
specified (refer to -foreground X resource). Next, each image is
set onto the composite image, surrounded by its border color, with its
name centered just below it. The individual images are left-justified
within the width of the tiled area. The order of the images is the
same as they appear on the command line unless the images have a scene
keyword. If a scene number is specified in each image, then the images
are tiled onto the composite in the order of their scene number. Finally,
the last argument on the command line is the name assigned to the
composite image. By default, the image is written in the MIFF format
and can be viewed or printed with display(1).
Note, that if the number of tiles exceeds the default number of 20
(5 per row, 4 per column), more than one composite image is
created. To ensure a single image is produced, use -tile to
increase the number of tiles to meet or exceed the number of input images.
Finally, Finally, to create one or more empty spaces in the sequence of tiles,
use the NULL image format.
EXAMPLES
To create a montage of a cockatoo, a parrot, and a hummingbird and write
it to a file called birds, use:
montage cockatoo.miff parrot.miff hummingbird.miff birds.miff
To tile several bird images so that they are at most 256 pixels in width and
192 pixels in height, surrounded by a red border, and separated by
10 pixels of background color, use:
montage -geometry 256x192+10+10 -bordercolor red birds.* montage.miff
To create an unlabeled parrot image, 640 by 480 pixels, and surrounded
by a border of black, use:
montage -geometry 640x480 -bordercolor black -label "" parrot.miff bird.miff
To create an image of an eagle with a textured background, use:
montage -texture bumps.jpg eagle.jpg eagle.png
To join several GIF images together without any extraneous graphics
(e.g. no label, no shadowing, no surrounding tile frame), use:
montage +frame +shadow +label -geometry 50x50+0+0 -tile 5x1 *.gif joined.gif
OPTIONS
-adjoin
join images into a single multi-image file.
-blur \fIfactor\fP
blur an image. Specify factor as the percent enhancement
(0.0 - 99.9%).
-colors \fIvalue\fP
preferred number of colors in the image
The actual number of colors in the image may be less than your request,
but never more. Note, this is a color reduction option. Images with
less unique colors than specified with this option will have any duplicate
or unused colors removed.
Refer to quantize(9) for more details.
Note, options -dither, -colorspace, and -treedepth affect
the color reduction algorithm.
-colorspace \fIvalue\fP
the type of colorspace: GRAY, OHTA, RGB,
Transparent, XYZ, YCbCr, YIQ, YPbPr,
YUV, or CMYK.
Color reduction, by default, takes place in the RGB color space.
Empirical evidence suggests that distances in color spaces such as YUV
or YIQ correspond to perceptual color differences more closely
than do distances in RGB space. These color spaces may give better
results when color reducing an image. Refer to quantize(9) for
more details.
The Transparent color space behaves uniquely in that it preserves
the matte channel of the image if it exists.
The -colors or -monochrome option is required for this option
to take effect.
-comment \fIstring\fP
annotate an image with a comment.
By default, each image is commented with its file name. Use this
option to assign a specific comment to the image. Optionally you can
include the image filename, type, width, height, or other image
attributes by embedding special format characters:
%b file size
%d directory
%e filename extension
%f filename
%h height
%m magick
%p page number
%s scene number
%t top of filename
%w width
%x x resolution
%y y resolution
\\n newline
\\r carriage return
For example,
-comment "%m:%f %wx%h"
produces an image comment of MIFF:bird.miff 512x480 for an image
titled bird.miff and whose width is 512 and height is 480.
If the first character of string is @, the image comment is read
from a file titled by the remaining characters in the string.
-compose \fIoperator\fP
the type of image composition.
By default, each of the composite image pixels are replaced by the
corresponding image tile pixel. You can choose an alternate composite
operation:
Over
In
Out
Atop
Xor
Plus
Minus
Add
Subtract
Difference
Bumpmap
Replace
ReplaceRed
ReplaceGreen
ReplaceBlue
ReplaceMatte
The operations behaves as follows:
Over
The result will be the union of the two image shapes, with composite image
obscuring image in the region of overlap.
In
The result is simply composite image cut by the shape of
composite image window. None of the image data of image will be
in the result.
Out
The resulting image is composite image with the shape of image
cut out.
Atop
The result is the same shape as image image, with
composite image obscuring image where the image shapes
overlap. Note this differs from over because the portion of
composite image outside image's shape does not appear in the
result.
Xor
The result is the image data from both composite image and image
that is outside the overlap region. The overlap region will be blank.
Plus
The result is just the sum of the image data. Output values are
cropped to 255 (no overflow). This operation is independent
of the matte channels.
Minus
The result of composite image - image, with underflow cropped
to zero. The matte channel is ignored (set to 255, full coverage).
Add
The result of composite image + image, with overflow wrapping
around (mod 256).
Subtract
The result of composite image - image, with underflow wrapping
around (mod 256). The add and subtract operators can
be used to perform reversible transformations.
Difference
The result of abs(composite image - image). This is useful
for comparing two very similar images.
Bumpmap
The result of image shaded by composite image.
Replace
The resulting image is image replaced with composite image.
Here the matte information is ignored.
ReplaceRed
The resulting image is the red layer in image replaced with the red
layer in composite image. The other layers are copied untouched.
ReplaceGreen
The resulting image is the green layer in image replaced with the green
layer in composite image. The other layers are copied untouched.
ReplaceBlue
The resulting image is the blue layer in image replaced with the blue
layer in composite image. The other layers are copied untouched.
ReplaceMatte
The resulting image is the matte layer in image replaced with the matte
layer in composite image. The other layers are copied untouched.
The image compositor requires a matte, or alpha channel in the image
for some operations. This extra channel usually defines a mask which
represents a sort of a cookie-cutter for the image. This is the case
when matte is 255 (full coverage) for pixels inside the shape, zero
outside, and between zero and 255 on the boundary. If image does
not have a matte channel, it is initialized with 0 for any pixel
matching in color to pixel location (0,0), otherwise 255 (to work
properly borderwidth must be 0).
-compress \fItype\fP
the type of image compression: None, BZip, Fax, Group4,
JPEG, LZW, RunlengthEncoded, or Zip.
Specify \+compress to store the binary image in an uncompressed format.
The default is the compression type of the specified image file.
-crop \fI<width>x<height>{\+-}<x offset>{\+-}<y offset>{%}\fP
preferred size and location of the cropped image. See X(1) for details
about the geometry specification.
To specify a percentage width or height instead, append %. For example
to crop the image by ten percent on all sides of the image, use -crop 10%.
Omit the x and y offset to generate one or more subimages of a uniform size.
Use cropping to crop a particular area of an image. Use -crop
0x0 to trim edges that are the background color. Add an x and y offset
to leave a portion of the trimmed edges with the image.
The equivalent X resource for this option is cropGeometry
(class CropGeometry). See X RESOURCES for details.
-density \fI<width>x<height>\fP
vertical and horizontal resolution in pixels of the image.
This option specifies an image density when decoding a Postscript or Portable
Document page. The default is 72 pixels per inch in the horizontal and
vertical direction. This option is used in concert with -page.
-display \fIhost:display[.screen]\fP
specifies the X server to contact; see X(1).
Specify +display if an X server is not available. The label font
is obtained from the X server. If none is available, the composite image
will not have labels. Since the X server is necessary to read X resources,
all options must be set via the command line when +display is specified.
-dispose \fImethod\fP
Here are the valid methods:
0 No disposal specified.
1 Do not dispose between frames.
2 Overwrite frame with background color from header.
3 Overwrite with previous frame.
-dither
apply Floyd/Steinberg error diffusion to the image.
The basic strategy of dithering is to trade intensity resolution for
spatial resolution by averaging the intensities of several neighboring
pixels. Images which suffer from severe contouring when reducing colors
can be improved with this option.
The -colors or -monochrome option is required for this option
to take effect.
Use +dither to render Postscript without text or graphic aliasing.
-draw \fIstring\fP
annotate an image with one or more graphic primitives.
Use this option to annotate an image with one or more graphic primitives.
The primitives include
rectangle
circle
ellipse
polygon
color
matte
text
image
Rectangle, color, matte, text, and image require
an upper left and lower right coordinate. Circle requires the center
coordinate and a coordinate on the outer edge. Use Ellipse to draw a
partial ellipse centered at the given point, specified width and height, and
start and end of arc in degrees (e.g. 100,100 100,150 0,360). Finally,
polygon requires three or more coordinates defining its boundaries.
Coordinates are integers separated by an optional comma. For example, to
define a circle centered at 100,100 that extends to 150,150 use:
-draw 'circle 100,100 150,150'
Use color to change the color of a pixel. Follow the
pixel coordinate with a method:
point
replace
floodfill
filltoborder
reset
Consider the target pixel as that specified by your coordinate. The
point method recolors the target pixel. The replace method
recolors any pixel that matches the color of the target pixel.
Floodfill recolors any pixel that matches the color of the target
pixel and is a neighbor. Whereas filltoborder recolors any neighbor
pixel that is not the border color. Finally, reset recolors all pixels.
Use matte to the change the pixel matte value to transparent.
Follow the pixel coordinate with a method (see the color
primitive for a description of methods). The point method
changes the matte value of the target pixel. The replace method
changes the matte value of any pixel that matches the color of the
target pixel. Floodfill changes the matte value of any pixel
that matches the color of the target pixel and is a neighbor. Whereas
filltoborder changes the matte value of any neighbor pixel that is not the
border color. Finally reset changes the matte value of all pixels.
Use text to annotate an image with text. Follow the
text coordinates with a string. If the string has embedded spaces,
enclose it in double quotes. Optionally you can
include the image filename, type, width, height, or other image
attributes by embedding special format characters. See -comment
for details.
For example,
-draw 'text 100,100 "%m:%f %wx%h"'
annotates the image with MIFF:bird.miff 512x480 for an image
titled bird.miff and whose width is 512 and height is 480.
To generate a Unicode character (TrueType fonts only), embed the
code as an escaped hex string (e.g. \\0x30a3).
If the first character of the string is @, the text is read
from a file titled by the remaining characters in the string.
Use image to composite an image with another image. Follow the
image coordinates with the filename of an image.
If the first character of string is @, the text is read
from a file titled by the remaining characters in the string.
You can set the primitive color, font color, and font bounding box color with
-pen, -font, and -box respectively. Options are
processed in command line order so be sure to use -pen
before the -draw option.
-filter \fItype\fP
use this type of filter when resizing an image.
Use this option to affect the resizing operation of an image (see
-geometry). Choose from these filters:
Point
Box
Triangle
Hermite
Hanning
Hamming
Blackman
Gaussian
Quadratic
Cubic
Catrom
Mitchell
Lanczos
Bessel
Sinc
The default filter is Lanczos.
-frame
surround the image with an ornamental border.
The color of the border is specified with the -mattecolor command line
option. If no frame is desired, use +frame.
-font \fIname\fP
use this font when annotating the image with text.
If the font is a fully qualified X server font name, the font is obtained
from an X server (e.g. -*-helvetica-medium-r-*-*-12-*-*-*-*-*-iso8859-*). To
use a TrueType font, precede the TrueType filename with a @ (e.g.
@times.ttf). Otherwise, specify a Postscript font (e.g. helvetica).
-gamma \fIvalue\fP
level of gamma correction.
The same color image displayed on two different workstations may look
different due to differences in the display monitor. Use gamma
correction to adjust for this color difference. Reasonable values
extend from 0.8 to 2.3.
You can apply separate gamma values to the red, green, and blue
channels of the image with a gamma value list delineated with slashes
(i.e. 1.7/2.3/1.2).
Use +gamma to set the image gamma level without actually adjusting
the image pixels. This option is useful if the image is of a known
gamma but not set as an image attribute (e.g. PNG images).
-geometry \fI<width>x<height>{\+-}<x offset>{\+-}<y offset>{%}{!}{<}{>}\fP
preferred tile and border size of each tile of the composite image.
By default, the width and height are maximum values. That is, the
image is expanded or contracted to fit the width and height value while
maintaining the aspect ratio of the image. Append an exclamation point
to the geometry to force the image size to exactly the size you
specify. For example, if you specify 640x480! the image width is
set to 640 pixels and height to 480. If only one factor is
specified, both the width and height assume the value.
Use > to change the dimensions of the image only
if its size exceeds the geometry specification. < resizes
the image only if its dimensions is less than the geometry
specification. For example, if you specify 640x480> and the
image size is 512x512, the image size does not change. However, if
the image is 1024x1024, it is resized to 640x480.
Each image is surrounded by a border whose size in pixels is specified
as <border width> and <border height> and whose color is
the background color. By default, the tile size is 256x256 and there is no
border.
The equivalent X resource for this option is imageGeometry
(class ImageGeometry). See X RESOURCES for details.
-gravity \fIdirection\fP
direction image gravitates to within a tile. See X(1) for details
about the gravity specification.
A tile of the composite image is a fixed width and height. However,
the image within the tile may not fill it completely (see
-geometry). The direction you choose specifies where to
position the image within the tile. For example Center gravity
forces the image to be centered within the tile. By default, the image
gravity is Center.
-interlace \fItype\fP
the type of interlacing scheme: None, Line, Plane, or
Partition. The default is None.
This option is used to specify the type of interlacing scheme for raw
image formats such as RGB or YUV. No means do not
interlace (RGBRGBRGBRGBRGBRGB...), Line uses scanline
interlacing (RRR...GGG...BBB...RRR...GGG...BBB...), and Plane uses
plane interlacing (RRRRRR...GGGGGG...BBBBBB...). Partition is like
plane except the different planes are saved to individual files (e.g.
image.R, image.G, and image.B).
Use Line, or Plane to create an interlaced GIF or progressive
JPEG image.
-label \fIname\fP
assign a label to an image.
By default, each image is labeled with its file name. Use this option
to assign a specific label to the image. Optionally you can
include the image filename, type, width, height, or other image
attributes by embedding special format characters. See -comment
for details.
For example,
-label "%m:%f %wx%h"
produces an image label of MIFF:bird.miff 512x480 for an image
titled bird.miff and whose width is 512 and height is 480.
If the first character of string is @, the image label is read
from a file titled by the remaining characters in the string.
-matte
store matte channel if the image has one otherwise create an opaque one.
-mode \fItype\fP
the type of montage: Frame, Unframe, Concatentate.
The default is Unframe.
This option is for convenience. You can obtain the desired result by
setting individual options (e.g. Unframe is equivalent to
+frame +shadow +borderwidth).
-monochrome
transform the image to black and white.
-page \fI<width>x<height>{\+-}<x offset>{\+-}<y offset>{%}{!}{<}{>}\fP
preferred size and location of an image canvas.
Use this option to specify the dimensions of the Postscript page in
dots per inch or a TEXT page in pixels. The choices for a Postscript page are:
11x17 792 1224
Ledger 1224 792
Legal 612 1008
Letter 612 792
LetterSmall 612 792
ArchE 2592 3456
ArchD 1728 2592
ArchC 1296 1728
ArchB 864 1296
ArchA 648 864
A0 2380 3368
A1 1684 2380
A2 1190 1684
A3 842 1190
A4 595 842
A4Small 595 842
A5 421 595
A6 297 421
A7 210 297
A8 148 210
A9 105 148
A10 74 105
B0 2836 4008
B1 2004 2836
B2 1418 2004
B3 1002 1418
B4 709 1002
B5 501 709
C0 2600 3677
C1 1837 2600
C2 1298 1837
C3 918 1298
C4 649 918
C5 459 649
C6 323 459
Flsa 612 936
Flse 612 936
HalfLetter 396 612
For convenience you can specify the page size by media (e.g.
A4, Ledger, etc.). Otherwise, -page behaves much like -geometry
(e.g. -page letter+43+43>).
To position a GIF image, use -page {\+-}<x offset>{\+-}<y offset>
(e.g. -page +100+200).
For a Postscript page, the image is sized as in -geometry and
positioned relative to the lower left hand corner of the page by
{\+-}<x offset>{\+-}<y offset>. Use -page 612x792>, for example,
to center the image within the page. If the image size exceeds the
Postscript page, it is reduced to fit the page.
The default page dimensions for a TEXT image is 612x792.
This option is used in concert with -density.
-pen \fIcolor\fP
set the color of the font.
See X(1) for details about the color specification.
-pointsize \fIvalue\fP
pointsize of the Postscript font.
-quality \fIvalue\fP
JPEG/MIFF/PNG compression level.
For the JPEG image format, quality is 0 (worst) to 100 (best). The default
quality is 75.
Quality for the MIFF and PNG image format sets the amount of image compression
(quality / 10) and filter-type (quality % 10). Compression quality
values range from 0 (worst) to 100 (best). If filter-type is 4
or less, the specified filter-type is used for all scanlines:
0: none
1: sub
2: up
3: average
4: Paeth
If filter-type is 5, adaptive filtering is used when quality
is greater than 50 and the image does not have a color map,
otherwise no filtering is used.
If filter-type is 6 or more, adaptive filtering with
minimum-sum-of-absolute-values is used.
The default is quality is 75. Which means nearly the best compression
with adaptive filtering.
For further information, see the PNG specification (RFC 2083),
<http://www.w3.org/pub/WWW/TR>.
-rotate \fIdegrees{<}{>}\fP
apply Paeth image rotation to the image.
Use > to rotate the image only if its width exceeds the
height. < rotates the image only if its width is less than
the height. For example, if you specify -90> and the image size
is 480x640, the image is not rotated by the specified angle. However,
if the image is 640x480, it is rotated by -90 degrees.
Empty triangles left over from rotating the image are filled with
the color defined as bordercolor (class borderColor).
-scene \fIvalue\fP
-shadow
add a shadow beneath a tile to simulate depth.
-sharpen \fIfactor\fP
sharpen an image. Specify factor as the percent
enhancement (0.0 - 99.9%).
-size \fI<width>x<height>{+offset}
width and height of the image.
Use this option to specify the width and height of raw images whose
dimensions are unknown such as GRAY, RGB, or CMYK.
In addition to width and height, use -size to skip any header
information in the image or tell the number of colors in a MAP
image file, (e.g. -size 640x512+256).
-texture \fIfilename\fP
name of texture to tile onto the image background.
-tile \fI<width>x<height>\fP
specifies how many tiles are to appear in each row and column of the
composite image.
Specify the number of tiles per row with width and tiles per column
with height. For example if you want 1 tile in each row and a maximum
of 10 tiles in the composite image, use -tile 1x10. The default is to
have 5 tiles in each row and 4 tiles in each column of the composite.
-transparency \fIcolor\fP
make this color transparent within the image.
-treedepth \fIvalue\fP
Normally, this integer value is zero or one. A zero or one tells
montage to choose a optimal tree depth for the color reduction
algorithm.
An optimal depth generally allows the best representation of the source
image with the fastest computational speed and the least amount of
memory. However, the default depth is inappropriate for some images.
To assure the best representation, try values between 2 and 8 for this
parameter. Refer to quantize(9) for more details.
The -colors or -monochrome option is required for this option
to take effect.
-verbose
print detailed information about the image.
This information is printed: image scene number; image name; image size;
the image class (DirectClass or PseudoClass); the total
number of unique colors; and the number of seconds to read and write the
image.
In addition to those listed above, you can specify these standard X
resources as command line options: -background, -bordercolor, -borderwidth,
-font, -foreground, -mattecolor, or -title.
See X RESOURCES for details.
Options are processed in command line order.
Any option you specify on the command line remains in effect until it is
explicitly changed by specifying the option again with a different effect.
For example, to montage two images, the first with 32 colors and the
second with only 16 colors, use:
montage -colors 32 cockatoo.1 -colors 16 cockatoo.2 cockatoo.miff
By default, the image format is determined by its magic number. To
specify a particular image format, precede the filename with an image
format name and a colon (i.e. ps:image) or specify the image type as
the filename suffix (i.e. image.ps). See convert(1) for a list
of valid image formats.
When you specify X as your image type, the filename has special
meaning. It specifies an X window by id, name, or root. If no
filename is specified, the window is selected by clicking the mouse in
the desired window.
Specify input_file as - for standard input,
output_file as - for standard output. If input_file
has the extension .Z or .gz, the file is uncompressed with
uncompress or gunzip respectively. If output_file
has the extension .Z or .gz, the file size is compressed
using with compress or gzip respectively. Finally, precede
the image file name with | to pipe to or from a system command.
Use an optional index enclosed in brackets after a file name to specify
a desired subimage of a multi-resolution image format like Photo CD
(e.g. img0001.pcd[4]) or a range for MPEG images (e.g. video.mpg[50-75]).
A subimage specification can be disjoint (e.g. image.tiff[2,7,4]).
For raw images, specify a subimage with a geometry (e.g. -size 640x512
image.rgb[320x256+50+50]).
Single images are written with the filename you specify. However,
multi-part images (e.g. a multi-page Postscript document with +adjoin
specified) are written with the filename followed by a period (.) and
the scene number. You can change this behavior by embedding a printf
format specification in the file name. For example,
image%02d.miff
montages files image00.miff, image01.miff, etc.
Prepend an at sign (@) to a filename to read a list of image
filenames from that file. This is convenient in the event you have too
many image filenames to fit on the command line.
Note, a composite MIFF image displayed to an X server with
display behaves differently than other images. You can think of
the composite as a visual image directory. Choose a particular tile of
the composite and press a button to display it. See display(1)
and miff(5) for details.
X RESOURCES
montage options can appear on the command line or in your X
resource file. Options on the command line supersede values specified
in your X resource file. See X(1) for more information on X
resources.
All montage options have a corresponding X resource. In addition,
montage uses the following X resources:
background (\fPclass\fB Background)
Specifies the preferred color to use for the composite image background. The
default is #ccc.
borderColor (\fPclass\fB BorderColor)
Specifies the preferred color to use for the composite image border. The
default is #ccc.
borderWidth (\fPclass\fB BorderWidth)
Specifies the width in pixels of the composite image border. The default is 2.
font (\fPclass\fB Font)
Specifies the name of the preferred font to use when displaying text
within the composite image. The default is 9x15, fixed, or 5x8 determined by
the composite image size.
foreground (\fPclass\fB Foreground)
Specifies the preferred color to use for text within the composite image. The
default is black.
matteColor (\fPclass\fB MatteColor)
Specify the color of an image frame. A 3D effect is achieved by
using highlight and shadow colors derived from this color. The default
value is #ccc.
title (\fPclass\fB Title)
This resource specifies the title to be placed at the top of the composite
image. The default is not to place a title at the top of the composite image.
ENVIRONMENT
display
To get the default host, display number, and screen.
SEE ALSO
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1998 1998 E. I. du Pont de Nemours and Company
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all copies or substantial portions of ImageMagick.
The software is provided "as is", without warranty of any kind, express or
implied, including but not limited to the warranties of merchantability,
fitness for a particular purpose and noninfringement. In no event shall
E. I. du Pont de Nemours and Company be liable for any claim, damages or
other liability, whether in an action of contract, tort or otherwise,
arising from, out of or in connection with ImageMagick or the use or other
dealings in ImageMagick.
Except as contained in this notice, the name of the E. I. du Pont de
Nemours and Company shall not be used in advertising or otherwise to
promote the sale, use or other dealings in ImageMagick without prior
written authorization from the E. I. du Pont de Nemours and Company.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
The MIT X Consortium for making network transparent graphics a reality.
Michael Halle, Spatial Imaging Group at MIT, for the initial
implementation of Alan Paeth's image rotation algorithm.
David Pensak, E. I. du Pont de Nemours and Company, for providing a
computing environment that made this program possible.
Paul Raveling, USC Information Sciences Institute, for the original
idea of using space subdivision for the color reduction algorithm.
AUTHORS
John Cristy, E.I. du Pont de Nemours and Company Incorporated
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