If dest is not a NULL pointer, the mbstowcs function converts the
multibyte string src to a wide-character string starting at dest.
At most n wide characters are written to dest. The conversion starts
in the initial state. The conversion can stop for three reasons:
1. An invalid multibyte sequence has been encountered. In this case
(size_t)(-1) is returned.
2. n non-L'\\0' wide characters have been stored at dest. In this
case the number of wide characters written to dest is returned, but the
shift state at this point is lost.
3. The multibyte string has been completely converted, including the
terminating '\\0'. In this case the number of wide characters written to
dest, excluding the terminating L'\\0' character, is returned.
The programmer must ensure that there is room for at least n wide
characters at dest.
If dest is NULL, n is ignored, and the conversion proceeds as
above, except that the converted wide characters are not written out to memory,
and that no length limit exists.
In order to avoid the case 2 above, the programmer should make sure n is
greater or equal to mbstowcs(NULL,src,0)+1.