library (n)

SYNOPSIS

auto_execok cmd
auto_load cmd
auto_mkindex dir pattern pattern ...
auto_mkindex_old dir pattern pattern ...
auto_reset
tcl_findLibrary basename version patch initScript enVarName varName
parray arrayName

tcl_endOfWord str start
tcl_startOfNextWord str start
tcl_startOfPreviousWord str start
tcl_wordBreakAfter str start
tcl_wordBreakBefore str start

INTRODUCTION

Tcl includes a library of Tcl procedures for commonly-needed functions. The procedures defined in the Tcl library are generic ones suitable for use by many different applications. The location of the Tcl library is returned by the info library command. In addition to the Tcl library, each application will normally have its own library of support procedures as well; the location of this library is normally given by the value of the $app_library global variable, where app is the name of the application. For example, the location of the Tk library is kept in the variable $tk_library.

To access the procedures in the Tcl library, an application should source the file init.tcl in the library, for example with the Tcl command source [file join [info library] init.tcl] If the library procedure Tcl_Init is invoked from an application's Tcl_AppInit procedure, this happens automatically. The code in init.tcl will define the unknown procedure and arrange for the other procedures to be loaded on-demand using the auto-load mechanism defined below.

COMMAND PROCEDURES

The following procedures are provided in the Tcl library:

auto_execok cmd

Determines whether there is an executable file by the name cmd. This command examines the directories in the current search path (given by the PATH environment variable) to see if there is an executable file named cmd in any of those directories. If so, it returns 1; if not it returns 0. Auto_exec remembers information about previous searches in an array named auto_execs; this avoids the path search in future calls for the same cmd. The command auto_reset may be used to force auto_execok to forget its cached information.

auto_load cmd

This command attempts to load the definition for a Tcl command named cmd. To do this, it searches an auto-load path, which is a list of one or more directories. The auto-load path is given by the global variable $auto_path if it exists. If there is no $auto_path variable, then the TCLLIBPATH environment variable is used, if it exists. Otherwise the auto-load path consists of just the Tcl library directory. Within each directory in the auto-load path there must be a file tclIndex that describes one or more commands defined in that directory and a script to evaluate to load each of the commands. The tclIndex file should be generated with the auto_mkindex command. If cmd is found in an index file, then the appropriate script is evaluated to create the command. The auto_load command returns 1 if cmd was successfully created. The command returns 0 if there was no index entry for cmd or if the script didn't actually define cmd (e.g. because index information is out of date). If an error occurs while processing the script, then that error is returned. Auto_load only reads the index information once and saves it in the array auto_index; future calls to auto_load check for cmd in the array rather than re-reading the index files. The cached index information may be deleted with the command auto_reset. This will force the next auto_load command to reload the index database from disk.

auto_mkindex dir pattern pattern ...

Generates an index suitable for use by auto_load. The command searches dir for all files whose names match any of the pattern arguments (matching is done with the glob command), generates an index of all the Tcl command procedures defined in all the matching files, and stores the index information in a file named tclIndex in dir. If no pattern is given a pattern of *.tcl will be assumed. For example, the command
auto_mkindex foo *.tcl

will read all the .tcl files in subdirectory foo and generate a new index file foo/tclIndex.

Auto_mkindex parses the Tcl scripts by sourcing them into a slave interpreter and monitoring the proc and namespace commands that are executed. Extensions can use the (undocumented) auto_mkindex_parser package to register other commands that can contribute to the auto_load index. You will have to read through init.tcl to see how this works.

Auto_mkindex_old parses the Tcl scripts in a relatively unsophisticated way: if any line contains the word proc as its first characters then it is assumed to be a procedure definition and the next word of the line is taken as the procedure's name. Procedure definitions that don't appear in this way (e.g. they have spaces before the proc) will not be indexed.

auto_reset

Destroys all the information cached by auto_execok and auto_load. This information will be re-read from disk the next time it is needed. Auto_reset also deletes any procedures listed in the auto-load index, so that fresh copies of them will be loaded the next time that they're used.

tcl_findLibrary basename version patch initScript enVarName varName

This is a standard search procedure for use by extensions during their initialization. They call this procedure to look for their script library in several standard directories. The last component of the name of the library directory is normally basenameversion (e.g., tk8.0), but it might be "library" when in the build hierarchies. The initScript file will be sourced into the interpreter once it is found. The directory in which this file is found is stored into the global variable varName. If this variable is already defined (e.g., by C code during application initialization) then no searching is done. Otherwise the search looks in these directories: the directory named by the environment variable enVarName; relative to the Tcl library directory; relative to the executable file in the standard installation bin or bin/arch directory; relative to the executable file in the current build tree; relative to the executable file in a parallel build tree.

parray arrayName

Prints on standard output the names and values of all the elements in the array arrayName. ArrayName must be an array accessible to the caller of parray. It may be either local or global.

tcl_endOfWord str start

Returns the index of the first end-of-word location that occurs after a starting index start in the string str. An end-of-word location is defined to be the first non-word character following the first word character after the starting point. Returns -1 if there are no more end-of-word locations after the starting point. See the description of tcl_wordchars and tcl_nonwordchars below for more details on how Tcl determines which characters are word characters.

tcl_startOfNextWord str start

Returns the index of the first start-of-word location that occurs after a starting index start in the string str. A start-of-word location is defined to be the first word character following a non-word character. Returns -1 if there are no more start-of-word locations after the starting point.

tcl_startOfPreviousWord str start

Returns the index of the first start-of-word location that occurs before a starting index start in the string str. Returns -1 if there are no more start-of-word locations before the starting point.

tcl_wordBreakAfter str start

Returns the index of the first word boundary after the starting index start in the string str. Returns -1 if there are no more boundaries after the starting point in the given string. The index returned refers to the second character of the pair that comprises a boundary.

tcl_wordBreakBefore str start

Returns the index of the first word boundary before the starting index start in the string str. Returns -1 if there are no more boundaries before the starting point in the given string. The index returned refers to the second character of the pair that comprises a boundary.

VARIABLES

The following global variables are defined or used by the procedures in the Tcl library:

auto_execs

Used by auto_execok to record information about whether particular commands exist as executable files.

auto_index

Used by auto_load to save the index information read from disk.

auto_noexec

If set to any value, then unknown will not attempt to auto-exec any commands.

auto_noload

If set to any value, then unknown will not attempt to auto-load any commands.

auto_path

If set, then it must contain a valid Tcl list giving directories to search during auto-load operations. This variable is initialized during startup to contain, in order: the directories listed in the TCLLIBPATH environment variable, the directory named by the $tcl_library variable, the parent directory of $tcl_library, the directories listed in the $tcl_pkgPath variable.

env(TCL_LIBRARY)

If set, then it specifies the location of the directory containing library scripts (the value of this variable will be assigned to the tcl_library variable and therefore returned by the command info library). If this variable isn't set then a default value is used.

env(TCLLIBPATH)

If set, then it must contain a valid Tcl list giving directories to search during auto-load operations. This variable is only used when initializing the auto_path variable.

tcl_nonwordchars

This variable contains a regular expression that is used by routines like tcl_endOfWord to identify whether a character is part of a word or not. If the pattern matches a character, the character is considered to be a non-word character. On Windows platforms, spaces, tabs, and newlines are considered non-word characters. Under Unix, everything but numbers, letters and underscores are considered non-word characters.

tcl_wordchars

This variable contains a regular expression that is used by routines like tcl_endOfWord to identify whether a character is part of a word or not. If the pattern matches a character, the character is considered to be a word character. On Windows platforms, words are comprised of any character that is not a space, tab, or newline. Under Unix, words are comprised of numbers, letters or underscores.

unknown_active

This variable is set by unknown to indicate that it is active. It is used to detect errors where unknown recurses on itself infinitely. The variable is unset before unknown returns.

KEYWORDS

auto-exec, auto-load, library, unknown, word, whitespace '\" '\" Copyright (c) 1993 The Regents of the University of California. '\" Copyright (c) 1994-1996 Sun Microsystems, Inc. '\" '\" See the file "license.terms" for information on usage and redistribution '\" of this file, and for a DISCLAIMER OF ALL WARRANTIES. '\" '\" RCS: @(#) $Id: lindex.n,v 1.2 1998/09/14 18:39:53 stanton Exp $ '\" '\" The definitions below are for supplemental macros used in Tcl/Tk '\" manual entries. '\" '\" .AP type name in/out ?indent? '\" Start paragraph describing an argument to a library procedure. '\" type is type of argument (int, etc.), in/out is either "in", "out", '\" or "in/out" to describe whether procedure reads or modifies arg, '\" and indent is equivalent to second arg of .IP (shouldn't ever be '\" needed; use .AS below instead) '\" '\" .AS ?type? ?name? '\" Give maximum sizes of arguments for setting tab stops. Type and '\" name are examples of largest possible arguments that will be passed '\" to .AP later. If args are omitted, default tab stops are used. '\" '\" .BS '\" Start box enclosure. From here until next .BE, everything will be '\" enclosed in one large box. '\" '\" .BE '\" End of box enclosure. '\" '\" .CS '\" Begin code excerpt. '\" '\" .CE '\" End code excerpt. '\" '\" .VS ?version? ?br? '\" Begin vertical sidebar, for use in marking newly-changed parts '\" of man pages. The first argument is ignored and used for recording '\" the version when the .VS was added, so that the sidebars can be '\" found and removed when they reach a certain age. If another argument '\" is present, then a line break is forced before starting the sidebar. '\" '\" .VE '\" End of vertical sidebar. '\" '\" .DS '\" Begin an indented unfilled display. '\" '\" .DE '\" End of indented unfilled display. '\" '\" .SO '\" Start of list of standard options for a Tk widget. The '\" options follow on successive lines, in four columns separated '\" by tabs. '\" '\" .SE '\" End of list of standard options for a Tk widget. '\" '\" .OP cmdName dbName dbClass '\" Start of description of a specific option. cmdName gives the '\" option's name as specified in the class command, dbName gives '\" the option's name in the option database, and dbClass gives '\" the option's class in the option database. '\" '\" .UL arg1 arg2 '\" Print arg1 underlined, then print arg2 normally. '\" '\" RCS: @(#) $Id: man.macros,v 1.2 1998/09/14 18:39:54 stanton Exp $ '\" '\" # Set up traps and other miscellaneous stuff for Tcl/Tk man pages. t .wh -1.3i ^B ^l \n(.l b '\" # Start an argument description AP !"\\$4"" .TP \\$4 \{\ !"\\$2"" .TP \\n()Cu .TP 15